Water Evaporates at 100 Degrees Celsius Calculator
Water evaporates at 100 degrees Celsius under standard atmospheric pressure. This is a fundamental property of water that has significant implications in various fields, including meteorology, engineering, and chemistry. Understanding this property is crucial for designing and operating systems that involve water, such as heating and cooling systems, weather forecasting, and chemical reactions.
How to Use This Calculator
- Enter the temperature in degrees Celsius.
- Enter the pressure in Pascals.
- Click the “Calculate” button.
Formula & Methodology
The boiling point of water is a function of pressure. At standard atmospheric pressure (101,325 Pa), water boils at 100°C. However, as pressure increases, the boiling point also increases. This calculator uses the Clausius-Clapeyron relation to calculate the boiling point of water at a given pressure:
ln(P2/P1) = (ΔHv / R) * (1/T1 – 1/T2)
Where:
- P1 = 101,325 Pa (standard atmospheric pressure)
- T1 = 373.15 K (standard boiling point of water)
- ΔHv = 40,656 J/mol (heat of vaporization of water)
- R = 8.314 J/(mol·K) (universal gas constant)
- P2 = input pressure
- T2 = input temperature
Real-World Examples
Example 1: Boiling Water at High Altitudes
At high altitudes, atmospheric pressure is lower. Using this calculator, we can determine the boiling point of water at different altitudes. For example, at an altitude of 3,000 meters (where the atmospheric pressure is approximately 63,000 Pa), the boiling point of water is 90.4°C.
Data & Statistics
| Pressure (Pa) | Boiling Point (°C) |
|---|---|
| 101,325 | 100 |
| 50,000 | 93.4 |
| 25,000 | 85.1 |
| Altitude (m) | Pressure (Pa) |
|---|---|
| 0 | 101,325 |
| 1,000 | 89,876 |
| 2,000 | 79,761 |
Expert Tips
- Always use the correct units for temperature and pressure.
- Be aware that the boiling point of water can vary depending on the purity of the water. Pure water boils at a slightly higher temperature than impure water.
- This calculator assumes that the input pressure is absolute pressure. If you have gauge pressure, you will need to convert it to absolute pressure before using the calculator.
Interactive FAQ
What happens to the boiling point of water at high altitudes?
The boiling point of water decreases at high altitudes because the atmospheric pressure is lower.
For more information, see the following authoritative sources: